The Optotrak Certus provides the laboratory with research-quality spatial and temporal location accuracy. The system carries a maximum marker frequency of 4600 Hz, with a resolution of 0.1mm. 3 photoelectric diodes mated to a marker constitute a rigid body, from which real-time translation and rotation of the rigid body is calculated. The image above is one of 4 markers attached to individual vertebral elements of the lumber spine. The system is capable of tracking up to 512 markers simultaneously.

Marker holders for each unique testing condition are designed and fabricated here in the laboratory with 3D SLA printing technology. Our 3D printed marker holders are fully customizable and invisible to fluoroscopy. This insures an unimpeded view of the specimen during fluoroscopic investigation.